turash/bugulma/backend/internal/financial/calculator.go

package financial

import (
	"fmt"
	"math"
	"time"
)

// FinancialCalculator implements the Calculator interface with proper separation of concerns
type FinancialCalculator struct {
	config          *Config
	npvCalc         NPVCalculator
	irrCalc         IRRCalculator
	paybackCalc     PaybackCalculator
	sensitivityCalc SensitivityAnalyzer
	riskAssessor    RiskAssessor
	co2Calc         CO2Calculator
	capexEstimator  CapexEstimator
	transportCalc   TransportCostCalculator
}

// NewFinancialCalculator creates a new financial calculator with all dependencies
func NewFinancialCalculator(
	config *Config,
	npvCalc NPVCalculator,
	irrCalc IRRCalculator,
	paybackCalc PaybackCalculator,
	sensitivityCalc SensitivityAnalyzer,
	riskAssessor RiskAssessor,
	co2Calc CO2Calculator,
	capexEstimator CapexEstimator,
	transportCalc TransportCostCalculator,
) *FinancialCalculator {
	return &FinancialCalculator{
		config:          config,
		npvCalc:         npvCalc,
		irrCalc:         irrCalc,
		paybackCalc:     paybackCalc,
		sensitivityCalc: sensitivityCalc,
		riskAssessor:    riskAssessor,
		co2Calc:         co2Calc,
		capexEstimator:  capexEstimator,
		transportCalc:   transportCalc,
	}
}

// Calculate performs economic analysis based on the specified type
func (fc *FinancialCalculator) Calculate(
	analysisType AnalysisType,
	data *ResourceFlowData,
	assumptions *EconomicAssumptions,
) (interface{}, error) {

	// Ensure assumptions have defaults
	if assumptions == nil {
		assumptions = fc.getDefaultAssumptions()
	}

	// Perform basic economic analysis
	basicAnalysis, err := fc.calculateBasicAnalysis(data, assumptions)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to calculate basic analysis: %w", err)
	}

	// Add analysis metadata
	basicAnalysis.AnalysisType = analysisType
	basicAnalysis.AnalysisDate = time.Now()
	basicAnalysis.Version = "1.0.0"

	switch analysisType {
	case AnalysisTypeBasic:
		return basicAnalysis, nil

	case AnalysisTypeAdvanced:
		return fc.calculateAdvancedAnalysis(basicAnalysis, data, assumptions)

	case AnalysisTypeSensitivity:
		return fc.calculateSensitivityAnalysis(basicAnalysis, assumptions)

	default:
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported analysis type: %s", analysisType)
	}
}

// calculateBasicAnalysis performs the core economic calculations
func (fc *FinancialCalculator) calculateBasicAnalysis(
	data *ResourceFlowData,
	assumptions *EconomicAssumptions,
) (*EconomicAnalysis, error) {

	// Calculate transport cost per unit
	transportCostPerUnit := fc.transportCalc.CalculateTransportCost(data.ResourceType, data.DistanceKm)

	// Annual savings calculation
	// savings = (buyer_cost - seller_cost - transport) × annual_volume
	unitSavings := data.CostIn - data.CostOut - transportCostPerUnit
	annualSavings := unitSavings * data.AnnualVolume

	// Estimate CAPEX
	capex := fc.capexEstimator.EstimateCapex(data.ResourceType, data.DistanceKm, data.AnnualVolume)

	// Estimate OPEX
	opex := capex * fc.config.OpexPctOfCapex

	// Calculate net annual cash flow
	netAnnualCashFlow := annualSavings - opex

	// Calculate NPV
	npv := fc.npvCalc.CalculateNPV(capex, netAnnualCashFlow, assumptions.DiscountRate, assumptions.ProjectLifeYears)

	// Calculate IRR
	irr := fc.irrCalc.CalculateIRR(capex, netAnnualCashFlow, assumptions.ProjectLifeYears)

	// Calculate simple payback period
	payback := fc.paybackCalc.CalculatePaybackPeriod(capex, netAnnualCashFlow)

	// Calculate CO₂ avoided
	co2Avoided := fc.co2Calc.CalculateCO2Reduction(data.ResourceType, data.AnnualVolume)

	// Determine viability
	isViable := fc.assessViability(npv, irr, payback, assumptions)

	// Calculate confidence score based on data completeness and risk
	confidenceScore := fc.calculateConfidenceScore(data, assumptions)

	return &EconomicAnalysis{
		NPV:              npv,
		IRR:              irr,
		PaybackYears:     payback,
		AnnualSavings:    annualSavings,
		CapexRequired:    capex,
		OpexPerYear:      opex,
		CO2AvoidedTonnes: co2Avoided,
		IsViable:         isViable,
		ConfidenceScore:  confidenceScore,
	}, nil
}

// calculateAdvancedAnalysis performs comprehensive advanced economic analysis
func (fc *FinancialCalculator) calculateAdvancedAnalysis(
	basic *EconomicAnalysis,
	data *ResourceFlowData,
	assumptions *EconomicAssumptions,
) (*AdvancedEconomicAnalysis, error) {

	// Perform sensitivity analysis
	sensitivityScenarios := fc.sensitivityCalc.AnalyzeSensitivity(basic, assumptions)

	// Perform risk assessment
	riskAssessment := fc.riskAssessor.AssessRisk(data)

	// Calculate risk-adjusted metrics
	riskAdjustedNPV := fc.calculateRiskAdjustedNPV(basic.NPV, riskAssessment)
	riskAdjustedIRR := fc.calculateRiskAdjustedIRR(basic.IRR, riskAssessment)

	// Assess implementation complexity
	implementationComplexity := fc.assessImplementationComplexity(data)

	// Identify regulatory requirements
	regulatoryRequirements := fc.identifyRegulatoryRequirements(data.ResourceType)

	// Calculate detailed CO2 reduction breakdown
	co2Breakdown := fc.calculateCO2ReductionBreakdown(data.ResourceType, data.AnnualVolume, data.DistanceKm)

	// Generate mitigation strategies
	mitigationStrategies := fc.generateMitigationStrategies(riskAssessment)

	// Generate optimization recommendations
	recommendedActions := fc.generateOptimizationRecommendations(basic, sensitivityScenarios, riskAssessment)

	// Adjust confidence score based on risk and sensitivity
	confidenceScore := fc.calculateAdvancedConfidenceScore(basic.ConfidenceScore, sensitivityScenarios, riskAssessment)

	return &AdvancedEconomicAnalysis{
		EconomicAnalysis: EconomicAnalysis{
			NPV:              basic.NPV,
			IRR:              basic.IRR,
			PaybackYears:     basic.PaybackYears,
			AnnualSavings:    basic.AnnualSavings,
			CapexRequired:    basic.CapexRequired,
			OpexPerYear:      basic.OpexPerYear,
			CO2AvoidedTonnes: basic.CO2AvoidedTonnes,
			IsViable:         basic.IsViable,
			ConfidenceScore:  confidenceScore,
			AnalysisDate:     time.Now(),
			AnalysisType:     AnalysisTypeAdvanced,
			Version:          "2.0.0",
		},
		SensitivityScenarios:     sensitivityScenarios,
		RiskAdjustedNPV:          riskAdjustedNPV,
		RiskAdjustedIRR:          riskAdjustedIRR,
		ImplementationComplexity: implementationComplexity,
		RegulatoryRequirements:   regulatoryRequirements,
		CO2ReductionBreakdown:    co2Breakdown,
		RiskProfile:              *riskAssessment,
		MitigationStrategies:     mitigationStrategies,
		RecommendedActions:       recommendedActions,
	}, nil
}

// calculateSensitivityAnalysis performs detailed sensitivity analysis
func (fc *FinancialCalculator) calculateSensitivityAnalysis(
	basic *EconomicAnalysis,
	assumptions *EconomicAssumptions,
) (*EconomicAnalysis, error) {

	// Start with basic analysis
	sensitivity := *basic
	sensitivity.AnalysisType = AnalysisTypeSensitivity

	// Perform sensitivity analysis
	scenarios := fc.sensitivityCalc.AnalyzeSensitivity(basic, assumptions)

	// Calculate confidence based on sensitivity results
	sensitivity.ConfidenceScore = fc.calculateSensitivityConfidence(scenarios)

	return &sensitivity, nil
}

// assessViability determines if the investment is economically viable
func (fc *FinancialCalculator) assessViability(npv, irr, payback float64, assumptions *EconomicAssumptions) bool {
	// NPV must be positive
	if npv <= 0 {
		return false
	}

	// IRR must be greater than discount rate
	if irr <= assumptions.DiscountRate*100 {
		return false
	}

	// Payback period must be within project life
	if payback >= float64(assumptions.ProjectLifeYears) {
		return false
	}

	return true
}

// calculateConfidenceScore calculates confidence in the analysis based on data quality
func (fc *FinancialCalculator) calculateConfidenceScore(data *ResourceFlowData, assumptions *EconomicAssumptions) float64 {
	confidence := 1.0

	// Reduce confidence if distance is very long (higher uncertainty)
	if data.DistanceKm > 50 {
		confidence *= 0.9
	}

	// Reduce confidence if volume is very low (higher per-unit cost uncertainty)
	if data.AnnualVolume < 100 {
		confidence *= 0.95
	}

	// Reduce confidence if project life is very long (higher uncertainty)
	if assumptions.ProjectLifeYears > 20 {
		confidence *= 0.9
	}

	return confidence
}

// adjustConfidenceForRisk adjusts confidence based on risk assessment
func (fc *FinancialCalculator) adjustConfidenceForRisk(confidence float64, risk *RiskAssessment) float64 {
	// Reduce confidence based on overall risk level
	switch risk.RiskLevel {
	case "low":
		return confidence * 1.0
	case "medium":
		return confidence * 0.9
	case "high":
		return confidence * 0.7
	case "critical":
		return confidence * 0.5
	default:
		return confidence * 0.8
	}
}

// calculateSensitivityConfidence calculates confidence based on sensitivity analysis
func (fc *FinancialCalculator) calculateSensitivityConfidence(scenarios []SensitivityScenario) float64 {
	// Analyze how NPV changes with parameter variations
	var totalVariation float64
	var variationCount int

	for _, scenario := range scenarios {
		if scenario.VariableName == "discount_rate" || scenario.VariableName == "capex" {
			totalVariation += scenario.ImpactOnNPV
			variationCount++
		}
	}

	if variationCount == 0 {
		return 0.8 // Default confidence
	}

	avgVariation := totalVariation / float64(variationCount)

	// Lower confidence if NPV is highly sensitive to key parameters
	if avgVariation > 0.3 { // More than 30% variation
		return 0.6
	} else if avgVariation > 0.1 { // More than 10% variation
		return 0.8
	}

	return 0.9
}

// calculateRiskAdjustedNPV adjusts NPV for risk
func (fc *FinancialCalculator) calculateRiskAdjustedNPV(npv float64, risk *RiskAssessment) float64 {
	riskAdjustment := 1.0
	switch risk.RiskLevel {
	case "low":
		riskAdjustment = 0.95
	case "medium":
		riskAdjustment = 0.85
	case "high":
		riskAdjustment = 0.7
	case "critical":
		riskAdjustment = 0.5
	}
	return npv * riskAdjustment
}

// calculateRiskAdjustedIRR adjusts IRR for risk
func (fc *FinancialCalculator) calculateRiskAdjustedIRR(irr float64, risk *RiskAssessment) float64 {
	riskAdjustment := 0.0
	switch risk.RiskLevel {
	case "low":
		riskAdjustment = 0.02 // +2%
	case "medium":
		riskAdjustment = -0.01 // -1%
	case "high":
		riskAdjustment = -0.05 // -5%
	case "critical":
		riskAdjustment = -0.10 // -10%
	}
	return irr - riskAdjustment
}

// assessImplementationComplexity evaluates how complex it would be to implement this match
func (fc *FinancialCalculator) assessImplementationComplexity(data *ResourceFlowData) ImplementationComplexity {
	complexity := ImplementationComplexity{
		Score:                1.0, // Base score
		TechnicalChallenges:  []string{},
		ResourceRequirements: []string{},
		TimelineEstimate:     "3-6 months",
	}

	// Distance affects complexity
	if data.DistanceKm > 100 {
		complexity.Score += 0.3
		complexity.TechnicalChallenges = append(complexity.TechnicalChallenges, "Long-distance transport logistics")
	}
	if data.DistanceKm > 500 {
		complexity.Score += 0.5
		complexity.TechnicalChallenges = append(complexity.TechnicalChallenges, "International/cross-border requirements")
		complexity.TimelineEstimate = "6-12 months"
	}

	// Volume affects scale
	if data.AnnualVolume > 10000 {
		complexity.Score += 0.2
		complexity.ResourceRequirements = append(complexity.ResourceRequirements, "Large-scale infrastructure investment")
	}

	// Resource type affects technical requirements
	switch data.ResourceType {
	case "heat", "steam":
		complexity.TechnicalChallenges = append(complexity.TechnicalChallenges, "Thermal energy transfer systems")
	case "wastewater":
		complexity.TechnicalChallenges = append(complexity.TechnicalChallenges, "Water quality monitoring and treatment")
	case "biowaste":
		complexity.TechnicalChallenges = append(complexity.TechnicalChallenges, "Organic waste processing equipment")
	}

	return complexity
}

// identifyRegulatoryRequirements identifies applicable regulations for the resource type
func (fc *FinancialCalculator) identifyRegulatoryRequirements(resourceType string) []RegulatoryRequirement {
	var requirements []RegulatoryRequirement

	switch resourceType {
	case "heat", "steam":
		requirements = append(requirements, RegulatoryRequirement{
			Type:          "Energy Trading License",
			Description:   "Required for commercial energy exchange",
			EstimatedCost: 50000,
			TimeToObtain:  "3-6 months",
		})
	case "wastewater":
		requirements = append(requirements, RegulatoryRequirement{
			Type:          "Environmental Permit",
			Description:   "Wastewater discharge and quality standards",
			EstimatedCost: 25000,
			TimeToObtain:  "2-4 months",
		})
	case "biowaste":
		requirements = append(requirements, RegulatoryRequirement{
			Type:          "Waste Management License",
			Description:   "Organic waste processing authorization",
			EstimatedCost: 15000,
			TimeToObtain:  "1-3 months",
		})
	}

	// Common requirements
	requirements = append(requirements, RegulatoryRequirement{
		Type:          "Contract Registration",
		Description:   "Legal contract registration with local authorities",
		EstimatedCost: 5000,
		TimeToObtain:  "1 month",
	})

	return requirements
}

// calculateCO2ReductionBreakdown provides detailed CO2 reduction analysis
func (fc *FinancialCalculator) calculateCO2ReductionBreakdown(resourceType string, annualVolume, distanceKm float64) CO2ReductionBreakdown {
	breakdown := CO2ReductionBreakdown{
		TotalTonnes: 0,
		Categories:  []CO2Category{},
	}

	switch resourceType {
	case "heat", "steam":
		// Avoided grid electricity for heating
		gridAvoided := annualVolume * fc.config.GridEmissionFactor * fc.config.HeatEfficiency
		breakdown.Categories = append(breakdown.Categories, CO2Category{
			Name:       "Grid Electricity Avoidance",
			Tonnes:     gridAvoided,
			Percentage: 0,
		})

		// Transport emissions (diesel trucks vs pipeline)
		transportAvoided := fc.calculateTransportEmissionAvoidance(resourceType, annualVolume, distanceKm)
		breakdown.Categories = append(breakdown.Categories, CO2Category{
			Name:       "Transport Emission Reduction",
			Tonnes:     transportAvoided,
			Percentage: 0,
		})

	case "wastewater":
		// Water treatment energy savings
		treatmentEnergy := annualVolume * fc.config.WaterTreatmentKwh / 1000 // Convert to MWh
		treatmentAvoided := treatmentEnergy * fc.config.GridEmissionFactor
		breakdown.Categories = append(breakdown.Categories, CO2Category{
			Name:       "Water Treatment Energy Savings",
			Tonnes:     treatmentAvoided,
			Percentage: 0,
		})

	case "biowaste":
		// Landfill methane avoidance
		methaneAvoided := annualVolume * fc.config.WasteDiversionCo2
		breakdown.Categories = append(breakdown.Categories, CO2Category{
			Name:       "Landfill Methane Reduction",
			Tonnes:     methaneAvoided,
			Percentage: 0,
		})

		// Compost benefits (carbon sequestration)
		sequestration := annualVolume * fc.config.CompostCarbonSeq // Assume 0.1 t CO2/tonne compost
		breakdown.Categories = append(breakdown.Categories, CO2Category{
			Name:       "Carbon Sequestration",
			Tonnes:     sequestration,
			Percentage: 0,
		})
	}

	// Calculate total and percentages
	for i := range breakdown.Categories {
		breakdown.TotalTonnes += breakdown.Categories[i].Tonnes
	}
	for i := range breakdown.Categories {
		if breakdown.TotalTonnes > 0 {
			breakdown.Categories[i].Percentage = breakdown.Categories[i].Tonnes / breakdown.TotalTonnes * 100
		}
	}

	return breakdown
}

// calculateTransportEmissionAvoidance calculates CO2 savings from reduced transport
func (fc *FinancialCalculator) calculateTransportEmissionAvoidance(resourceType string, annualVolume, distanceKm float64) float64 {
	// Assume traditional transport would be by truck
	// Estimate truck trips needed for traditional transport
	var truckEfficiency float64
	switch resourceType {
	case "heat", "steam":
		truckEfficiency = 0.1 // 10% of energy lost in transport
	default:
		truckEfficiency = 0.05 // 5% loss for other resources
	}

	// CO2 per km for truck transport (assume diesel truck: 0.0005 tonnes CO2 per km)
	truckEmissionFactor := 0.0005
	traditionalTransport := annualVolume * truckEfficiency * distanceKm * truckEmissionFactor * 365 // Daily transport

	return traditionalTransport
}

// generateMitigationStrategies provides risk mitigation recommendations
func (fc *FinancialCalculator) generateMitigationStrategies(risk *RiskAssessment) []string {
	strategies := []string{}

	switch risk.RiskLevel {
	case "high", "critical":
		strategies = append(strategies,
			"Implement comprehensive monitoring and control systems",
			"Establish contingency budgets (15-20% of CAPEX)",
			"Develop detailed risk management plan with regular reviews",
			"Consider phased implementation to reduce exposure",
		)
	case "medium":
		strategies = append(strategies,
			"Regular performance monitoring and reporting",
			"Maintain contingency reserves",
			"Establish clear success metrics and KPIs",
		)
	default:
		strategies = append(strategies,
			"Standard project management practices",
			"Regular progress reviews",
		)
	}

	// Add resource-type specific strategies
	if risk.PrimaryRisks != nil {
		for _, riskFactor := range risk.PrimaryRisks {
			switch riskFactor {
			case "technical_failure":
				strategies = append(strategies, "Redundant system design with backup capacity")
			case "regulatory_changes":
				strategies = append(strategies, "Legal consultation and regulatory monitoring service")
			case "market_volatility":
				strategies = append(strategies, "Flexible contract terms with price adjustment clauses")
			}
		}
	}

	return strategies
}

// generateOptimizationRecommendations provides actionable optimization suggestions
func (fc *FinancialCalculator) generateOptimizationRecommendations(
	basic *EconomicAnalysis,
	sensitivityScenarios []SensitivityScenario,
	risk *RiskAssessment,
) []RecommendedAction {

	recommendations := []RecommendedAction{}

	// NPV optimization
	if basic.NPV > 0 {
		recommendations = append(recommendations, RecommendedAction{
			Priority:       "high",
			Action:         "Maximize NPV through operational efficiency improvements",
			ExpectedImpact: "5-15% NPV increase",
			Timeframe:      "6-12 months",
		})
	}

	// Payback period optimization
	if basic.PaybackYears > 5 {
		recommendations = append(recommendations, RecommendedAction{
			Priority:       "high",
			Action:         "Accelerate payback through phased implementation",
			ExpectedImpact: "20-30% faster payback",
			Timeframe:      "3-6 months",
		})
	}

	// Risk mitigation
	if risk.RiskLevel == "high" || risk.RiskLevel == "critical" {
		recommendations = append(recommendations, RecommendedAction{
			Priority:       "high",
			Action:         "Implement comprehensive risk mitigation plan",
			ExpectedImpact: "30-50% risk reduction",
			Timeframe:      "1-3 months",
		})
	}

	// Cost reduction based on sensitivity analysis
	for _, scenario := range sensitivityScenarios {
		if scenario.VariableName == "capex" && scenario.RiskLevel == "high" {
			recommendations = append(recommendations, RecommendedAction{
				Priority:       "medium",
				Action:         "Explore alternative technology options to reduce CAPEX",
				ExpectedImpact: "10-25% CAPEX reduction",
				Timeframe:      "2-4 months",
			})
		}
	}

	return recommendations
}

// calculateAdvancedConfidenceScore provides more sophisticated confidence calculation
func (fc *FinancialCalculator) calculateAdvancedConfidenceScore(
	baseConfidence float64,
	sensitivityScenarios []SensitivityScenario,
	risk *RiskAssessment,
) float64 {

	confidence := baseConfidence

	// Reduce confidence based on sensitivity volatility
	var totalSensitivityImpact float64
	var highImpactCount int
	for _, scenario := range sensitivityScenarios {
		totalSensitivityImpact += math.Abs(scenario.ImpactOnNPV)
		if scenario.RiskLevel == "high" || scenario.RiskLevel == "critical" {
			highImpactCount++
		}
	}

	if len(sensitivityScenarios) > 0 {
		avgSensitivityImpact := totalSensitivityImpact / float64(len(sensitivityScenarios))
		confidence *= (1 - avgSensitivityImpact*0.5) // Reduce confidence by sensitivity impact
	}

	// Further reduce confidence based on high-impact scenarios
	if highImpactCount > 0 {
		confidence *= (1 - float64(highImpactCount)/float64(len(sensitivityScenarios))*0.3)
	}

	// Adjust for risk level
	switch risk.RiskLevel {
	case "medium":
		confidence *= 0.9
	case "high":
		confidence *= 0.7
	case "critical":
		confidence *= 0.5
	}

	// Ensure confidence doesn't go below 0.1
	if confidence < 0.1 {
		confidence = 0.1
	}

	return confidence
}

// getDefaultAssumptions returns default economic assumptions
func (fc *FinancialCalculator) getDefaultAssumptions() *EconomicAssumptions {
	return &EconomicAssumptions{
		DiscountRate:       fc.config.DefaultDiscountRate,
		ProjectLifeYears:   fc.config.DefaultProjectLife,
		OperatingHoursYear: 8760, // 24/7 operation
	}
}